• openAccess   A data-independent acquisition workflow for qualitative screening of new psychoactive substances in biological samples 

      Kinyua, Juliet; Negreira, Noelia; Ibáñez, Maria; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Hernandez, Felix; Covaci, Adrian; van Nuijs, Alexander Springer (2015)
      Identification of new psychoactive substances (NPS) is challenging. Developing targeted methods for their analysis can be difficult and costly due to their impermanence on the drug scene. Accurate-mass mass spectrometry ...
    • closedAccess   Analytical investigation of cannabis biomarkers in raw urban wastewater to refine consumption estimates 

      Campos-Mañas, Marina Celia; Van Wichelen, Natan; Covaci, Adrian; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Been, Frederic; Castiglioni, Sara; Hernandez, Felix; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2022-08)
      Wastewater analysis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) biomarkers can provide essential information on trends in cannabis consumption. Although analysis is mostly focused on the aqueous phase, previous studies have illustrated ...
    • openAccess   Changes in drug use in European cities during early COVID-19 lockdowns ? A snapshot from wastewater analysis 

      Been, Frederic; Emke, Erik; Matias, Joao Luis; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Boogaerts, Tim; Castiglioni, Sara; Campos-Mañas, Marina Celia; Celma, Alberto; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; ter Laak, Thomas; Reid, Malcolm; Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Steenbeek, Ruud; van Nuijs, Alexander; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2021-03-26)
      The COVID-19 outbreak has forced countries to introduce severe restrictive measures to contain its spread. In particular, physical distancing and restriction of movement have had important consequences on human behaviour ...
    • closedAccess   Comparing illicit drug use in 19 European cities through sewage analysis 

      Bijlsma, Lubertus; Hernandez, Felix; Thomas, Kevin V.; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; Emke, Erik; Grabic, Roman; Karolak, Sara; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Lindberg, Richard H.; López de Alda, Miren; Meierjohann, Axel; Ort, Christoph; Picó Gracia, Yolanda; Quintana, José B.; Reid, Malcolm; Rieckermann, Jörg; Terzic, Senka; van Nuijs, Alexander; de Voogt, Pim Elsevier (2012-08)
      The analysis of sewage for urinary biomarkers of illicit drugs is a promising and complementary approach for estimating the use of these substances in the general population. For the first time, this approach was simultaneously ...
    • closedAccess   Comprehensive analytical strategies based on high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify new psychoactive substances 

      Ibáñez, Maria; Sancho, Juan V; Bijlsma, Lubertus; van Nuijs, Alexander; Covaci, Adrian; Hernandez, Felix Elsevier (2014-05)
      In the past decade, an increasing number of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) were introduced on the drug markets through various modes of distribution, including the and smart shops. Recent reports on their adverse effects ...
    • openAccess   Critical review on the stability of illicit drugs in sewers and wastewater samples 

      McCall, Ann-Kathrin; Bade, Richard; Kinyua, Juliet; Lai, Foon Yin; Thai, Phong K.; Covaci, Adrian; Bijlsma, Lubertus; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph Elsevier (2015-10)
      Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) applies advanced analytical methods to quantify drug residues in wastewater with the aim to estimate illicit drug use at the population level. Transformation processes during transport ...
    • openAccess   Development and Application of Liquid Chromatographic Retention Time Indices in HRMS-Based Suspect and Nontarget Screening 

      Aalizadeh, Reza; Alygizakis, Nikiforos; Schymanski, Emma; Krauss, Martin; Schulze, Tobias; Ibañez Martinez, Maria; McEachran, Andrew D.; Chao, Alex; Williams, Antony J.; Gago-Ferrero, Pablo; Covaci, Adrian; Moschet, Christoph; Young, Thomas; Hollender, Juliane; Slobodnik, Jaroslav; Thomaidis, Nikolaos American Chemical Society (2021)
      There is an increasing need for comparable and harmonized retention times (tR) in liquid chromatography (LC) among different laboratories, to provide supplementary evidence for the identity of compounds in high-resolution ...
    • closedAccess   Enantiomeric profiling of chiral illicit drugs in a pan-European study 

      Castrignanò, Erika; Yang, Zhugen; Bade, Richard; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castiglioni, Sara; Causanilles, Ana; Covaci, Adrian; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Hernandez, Felix; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin V.; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara Elsevier (2018)
      The aim of this paper is to present the first study on spatial and temporal variation in the enantiomeric profile of chiral drugs in eight European cities. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and enantioselective analysis ...
    • closedAccess   Evaluation of Uncertainties Associated with the Determination of Community Drug Use through the Measurement of Sewage Drug Biomarkers 

      Castiglioni, Sara; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Covaci, Adrian; Emke, Erik; Hernandez, Felix; Reid, Malcolm; Ort, Christoph; Thomas, Kevin V.; van Nuijs, Alexander; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore American Chemical Society (2013)
      The aim of this study was to integrally address the uncertainty associated with all the steps used to estimate community drug consumption through the chemical analysis of sewage biomarkers of illicit drugs. Uncertainty has ...
    • openAccess   Identification of substances migrating from plastic baby bottles using a combination of low-resolution and high-resolution mass spectrometric analysers coupled to gas and liquid chromatography 

      Onghena, Matthias; Van Hoeck, Els; Van Loco, Joris; Ibáñez, Maria; Cherta Cucala, Laura; Portoles, Tania; Pitarch, Elena; Hernandez, Felix; Lemière, Filip; Covaci, Adrian WILEY-BLACKWELL (2015)
      This work presents a strategy for elucidation of unknown migrants from plastic food contact materials (baby bottles) using a combination of analytical techniques in an untargeted approach. First, gas chromatography (GC) ...
    • openAccess   Increased levels of the oxidative stress biomarker 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α in wastewater associated with tobacco use 

      Ryu, Yeonsuk; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Bade, Richard; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Bramness, Jorgen; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Reid, Malcolm; Thomas, Kevin V. Nature Publishing Group (2016)
      Wastewater analysis has been demonstrated to be a complementary approach for assessing the overall patterns of drug use by a population while the full potential of wastewater-based epidemiology has yet to be explored. ...
    • closedAccess   Influent wastewater analysis to investigate emerging trends of new psychoactive substances use in Europe 

      Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Been, Frederic; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Boogaerts, Tim; Covaci, Adrian; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Matias, João; Ort, Christoph; Bodík, Igor; Heath, Ester; Styszko, Katarzyna; Emke, Erik; Hernandez, Felix; van Nuijs, Alexander; Castiglioni, Sara Elsevier (2024-01-27)
      Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can provide objective and timely information on the use of new psychoactive substances (NPS), originally designed as legal alternatives of internationally controlled drugs. NPS have ...
    • openAccess   Mass spectrometric strategies for the investigation of biomarkers of illicit drug use in wastewater 

      Hernandez, Felix; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Ort, Christoph; Reid, Malcolm; Vicente Sancho, Juan; Thomas, Kevin V.; van Nuijs, Alexander; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus Wiley (2018)
      The analysis of illicit drugs in urban wastewater is the basis of wastewater‐based epidemiology (WBE), and has received much scientific attention because the concentrations measured can be used as a new non‐intrusive tool ...
    • openAccess   Measuring biomarkers in wastewater as a new source of epidemiological information: current state and future perspectives 

      GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Castiglioni, Sara; Bade, Richard; Been, Frederic; Castrignanò, Erika; Covaci, Adrian; González-Mariño, Iria; Hapeshi, Evroula; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; Lai, Foon Yin; Letzel, Thomas; Lopardo, Luigi; Meyer, Markus R.; O'Brien, Jake; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Rydevik, Axel; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Santos, Miguel M.; Senta, Ivan; Thomaidis, Nikolaos; Veloutsou, Sofia; Yang, Zhugen; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2017-02)
      The information obtained from the chemical analysis of specific human excretion products (biomarkers) in urban wastewater can be used to estimate the exposure or consumption of the population under investigation to a defined ...
    • openAccess   Multi-year interlaboratory exercises for the analysis of illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater: development of a quality control system 

      van Nuijs, Alexander; Lai, Foon Yin; Been, Frederic; Andrés-Costa, Maria Jesús; Barron, León P.; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Berset, Jean-Daniel; Benaglia, Lisa; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Burgard, Daniel A.; Castiglioni, Sara; Christophoridis, Christophoros; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Fatta-Kassinos, Despo; Fick, Jerker; Hernandez, Felix; Gerber, Cobus; González-Marino, Iria; Grabic, Roman; Gunnar, Teemu; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Karolak, Sara; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kokot, Zenon; Krizman-Matasic, Ivona; Li, Angela; Li, Xiqing; Love, Arndis S. C.; López de Alda, Miren; McCall, Ann Kathrin; Meyer, Markus R.; Oberacher, Herbert; O'Brien, Jake; Quintana, José B.; Reid, Malcolm; Schneider, Serge; Sadler Simoes, Susana; Thomaidis, Nikolaos; Thomas, Kevin; Yargeau, Viviane; Ort, Christoph Elsevier (2018)
      This study presents the development of a worldwide inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in different matrices (standard solutions, tap- and wastewater). By repeating this exercise ...
    • closedAccess   Occurrence of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants and Plasticizers (PFRs) in Belgian Foodstuffs and Estimation of the Dietary Exposure of the Adult Population 

      Poma, Giulia; Sales Martínez, Carlos; Bruyland, Bram; Christia, Christina; Goscinny, Séverine; Van Loco, Joris; Covaci, Adrian ACS Publications (2018)
      The occurrence of 14 organophosphorus fl ame retardants and plasticizers (PFRs) was investigated in 165 composite food samples purchased from the Belgian market and divided into 14 food categories, including fi sh, ...
    • openAccess   One planet: one health. A call to support the initiative on a global science–policy body on chemicals and waste 

      Brack, Werner; Barcelo Culleres, Damia; Boxall, Alistair Bruce Alleyne; Budzinsk, Hélène; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; Hernandez, Felix SpringerOpen (2022-03-08)
      The chemical pollution crisis severely threatens human and environmental health globally. To tackle this challenge the establishment of an overarching international science–policy body has recently been suggested. We ...
    • closedAccess   Quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry screening for synthetic cannabinoids in herbal blends 

      Ibáñez, Maria; Bijlsma, Lubertus; van Nuijs, Alexander; Sancho, Juan V; Haro, Gonzalo; Covaci, Adrian; Hernandez, Felix John Wiley & Sons (2013-05)
      ‘Legal highs’ are novel substances which are intended to elicit a psychoactive response. They are sold from ‘head shops’, the internet and from street suppliers and may be possessed without legal restriction. Several months ...
    • openAccess   Revealing the differences in collision cross section values of small organic molecules acquired by different instrumental designs and prediction models 

      Belova, Lidia; Celma, Alberto; Van Haesendonck, Glenn; Lemière, Filip; Sancho, Juan V; Covaci, Adrian; van Nuijs, Alexander; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2022-09-09)
      The number of open access databases containing experimental and predicted collision cross section (CCS) values is rising and leads to their increased use for compound identification. However, the reproducibility of reference ...
    • openAccess   Simultaneous determination of dechloranes, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and novel brominated flame retardants in food and serum 

      Sales Martínez, Carlos; Poma, Giulia; Malarvannan, Govindan; Portoles, Tania; Beltran Arandes, Joaquin; Covaci, Adrian Springer Verlag (2017)
      A sensitive method for the simultaneous quantification of dechloranes, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) has been developed for gas chromatography (GC) coupled to tandem ...