Institut Interuniversitari López Piñero (IILP)
URI permanente para esta comunidad
L'Institut Interuniversitari López Piñero (IILP) és un institut d'investigació interdisciplinària dedicat als estudis històrics i socials de la medicina, la ciència, la tecnologia i el medi ambient. En son membres la Universitat d'Alacant, la Universitat Jaume I, la Universitat Miguel Hernández i la Universitat de València.
Aquesta Comunitat conté:
- Els documents de les activitats organitzades per les quatre seus de IILP. Destaquem en aquest conjunt els seminaris d'investigació, presentacions de llibres, entrevistes i altres formats que han sigut enregistrats en vídeo.
- La producción intel·lectual de les membres IILP, i altres documents, com ara, articles, capítols o llibres, seleccionats per la seua afinitat amb la investigació interdisciplinària de l'Institut.
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- ArtículoAcceso abiertoPortal: Discurs científic i comunicació social(Agrupació Borrianenca de Cultura, 2000) Salvador, Vicent
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoApunts sobre la traducció i la comunicació de la ciència(Agrupació Borrianenca de Cultura, 2000) Montalt, VicentLa Ciència és una activitat social en la qual la traducció juga un paper fonamental, tant en la difusió com en la producció dels coneixements científics. Des del plantejament del problema fins a la publicació dels resultats, el llenguatge i la traducció són present en gairebé totes les fases del procés científic. Gràcies a la tasca dels traductors, tant els especialistes com el gran públic poden compartir els coneixements científics i contribuir així al seu desenvolupament. Amb aquestos apunts de caràcter introductori volem cridar l’atenció cap a alguns dels àmbits d’interès en l’estudi de la traducció i la comunicació de la Ciència. Per tal d’il·lustrar el propòsit de l’article, ens aturarem breument en una obra de la nostra història cultural, el Llibre dels secrets de l’agricultura, casa rústica i pastoril. Finalitzem amb alguns comentaris sobre la pràctica de la traducció de textos científics en l’actualitat.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoDuelo: evaluación, diagnóstico y tratamiento(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2008) GIL JULIA, BEATRIZ; Bellver, Ascensión; Ballester-Arnal, RafaelA lo largo de la vida, todos los seres humanos sufren en mayor o menor medida el duelo por una pérdida. Es una experiencia inevitable que conlleva sufrimiento pero también puede ser una oportunidad de crecimiento. Objetivo: realizar una revisión bibliográfi - ca tanto de los artículos publicados durante los últimos años sobre estudios relacionados con el duelo, como de los aspectos más relevantes contenidos en la literatura reciente. Material y método: las referencias bibliográfi cas en las que nos hemos basado han sido recogidas de las bases computerizadas Medline y PsycINFO, siendo la mayoría de los artículos encontrados de procedencia anglosajona; además se han consultado las principales revistas españolas relacionadas con el tema. Resultados: en función del contenido de los resultados, hemos tratado de organizar el trabajo en las siguientes áreas: evaluación del duelo; diagnóstico de duelo complicado; predictores de duelo patológico; prevención y tratamiento. Conclusiones: la mayoría de estudios encontrados sobre el duelo son descriptivos, en cambio hay pocos estudios con un diseño experimental adecuado. No obstante, consideramos que es necesario investigar más sobre los aspectos fundamentales de esta compleja realidad
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoA Multidisciplinary Approach to Specialized Writing and Translation Using a Genre Based Multilingual Corpus of Specialized Texts(DSFF, 2008) García-Izquierdo, Isabel; Borja Albi, AnabelGENTT’s main focus is the multilingual study of genres in professional legal, medical and technical contexts. Its aim is to identify genre conventions by means of a hypothetical deductive approach using corpus technologies. The project has focused on compiling a multilingual (Catalan, English, German, Spanish and French) annotated corpus of specialized discourse texts that could prove useful to translators and writers of professional texts, providing them with text models and patterns to be used as textual, conceptual, linguistic and terminological reference. The corpus design is also intended to create a knowledge management system, similar to terminological knowledge representation systems, structured around the notion of genre, for both translators and writers of professional texts (Borja, 2005). The interdisciplinary approach adopted by the GENTT research group assumes that specialized writers and translators need information of three kinds: conceptual, textual and linguistic (García and Monzó, 2004). When in possession of this information, they can progressively improve their professional competence, both linguistic and extralinguistic, using a self-taught process. This research applies an interdisciplinary approach: functional linguistics (García Izquierdo, 2000), genre analysis theory applied to specialized discourse (Borja, 2000) and sociology of professions (Monzó, 2002). The GENTT group understands the concept of genre as a product, i.e. as a successful achievement of a specific communicative purpose which is characterized by its conventionality, restrictions and typicality (Bazerman, 1999). Following Bekenkotter and Huckin (1994), we also understand genres as devices which we use to package our speech and make it a recognizable response to the demands of a given situation. But we also see genre as a process, a social construct that gradually emerges, evolves and disappears according to communicative needs (Bhatia, 2004).
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoLa gestión de la documentación multilingüe en entornos profesionales(Universitat de València. Departament de Teoria dels Llenguatges i Ciències de la Comunicació, 2009) García-Izquierdo, Isabel; Borja Albi, AnabelSpecialized multilingual communication in professional environments requires the establishment of document management systems, through the use of new technologies, to enable the systematization and easy retrieval of large volumes of data and particularly of texts generated in these domains. To design a management system of this type requires research combining both quantitative aspects (through the compilation and analysis of corpus-ad-hoc) and qualitative aspects (by means of a needs analysis of writers, translators, etc., of multilingual specialized texts). This paper presents a proposal for the systematization of document management, to be implemented by members of the GENTT research team. Setting out from the concept of text genre as a polyhedral tool (which combines formal, communicative and cognitive aspects), the authors propose an experimental design using surveys to obtain the data required to enhance the Gentt Corpus Management Tool, 3.0 as a knowledge management system (Borja, 2005).
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoTrabajadores masculinos del sexo: datos sociodemográficos, historia sexual y realidad profesional(Universitat Jaume I, 2009) Salmerón Sánchez, Pedro; Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Gil-Llario, MD; Giménez-García, Cristina; GIL JULIA, BEATRIZ
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoSíntomas de ansiedad y depresión tras la hospitalización en una unidad de cuidados intensivos(Universitat Jaume I, 2009) GIL JULIA, BEATRIZ; Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Gómez Martínez, Sandra; Ruiz-Palomino, Estefania; Giménez-García, Cristina
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoEl cuestionario de necesidades de los familiares de pacientes de cuidados intensivos (ccFni) versión breve: adaptación y validación en población española(Gobierno de Navarra. Departamento de Salud, 2011) Gómez Martínez, Sandra; Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; GIL JULIA, BEATRIZRelatives play an important role in the disease process of patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICU). It is therefore important to know the needs of people close to the patient in order to try to improve their adaption to a situation as difficult as an ICU admission. The aim of this study was the adaptation and validation of the short version of the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCFNI) for a Spanish sample. The inventory was applied to 55 relatives of patients admitted to the ICU of the Hospital General de Castellón. After the removal of three items for different reasons, we performed an Exploratory Factor Analysis with the 11 remaining items to determine the factor structure of the questionnaire. We also made a descriptive analysis of the items, and internal consistency and construct validity were calculated through Cronbach’s α and Pearson correlation coefficient respectively. The results of the principal components factor analysis using varimax rotation indicated a four-factor solution. These four factors corresponded to: medical attention to the patient, personal attention to the relatives, communication between the family and the doctor, and perceived improvements in the Unit. The short version of CCFNI showed good internal consistency for both the total scale and factors. The results suggest that the CCFNI is a suitable measure for assessing the different needs presented by the relatives of patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit, showing adequate psychometric properties.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoParaula i cultura de la salut: indagacions de lingüística mèdica(Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2011) Salvador, VicentDel repertorio temático de salud, en este artículo se analizan dos aspectos: las peculiaridades de la divulgación sanitaria como un esfuerzo de didáctica y los mecanismos de la interacción discursiva entre los pacientes y los profesionales de la salud.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoFrom the original article to the summary for patients: Reformulation procedures in intralingual translation(Artesis University College, Department of Translators and Interpreters, Antwerp, 2012) Muñoz-Miquel, AnaThe wider access to information and the tendency toward patient education have increased the demand for medical texts aimed at a wide, non-specialized, heterogeneous audience. In this context, it is essential to know what procedures are required to make specialized knowledge accessible to non-experts. This paper presents a corpus-based exploratory study that describes the procedures employed to reformulate, intralingually, medical knowledge from a highly specialized genre, the original article (OA), into a genre derived directly from it but addressed to laymen, namely, the summary for patients (SP). The linguistic and textual changes that take place when translating an OA into an SP are taken as the basis for explaining the reformulation procedures used. The results of the study contribute to the characterization of the SP from a text genre perspective, and provide keys to writing and reformulating for both medical translators and experts in the field, who are often called upon to carry out these intralingual translations.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoAlteraciones del comportamiento. Prevalencia en las consultas de pediatría de atención primaria. Comunidad Valenciana, 2009(Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, 2012-03) Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Legaz Sánchez, Eva; Salmerón Sánchez, Pedro; Gil-Llario, MDBackground: Childhood and adolescence mental health needs a proper monitoring. The aim is to estimate behavioral disorders preva- lence in paediatric primary care in the Region of Valencia (Spain) and to describe its distribution according to sex, age and impact areas. Methods: Cross-sectional research. Region of Valencia’s Health Surveillance Network observed along 2009 the behavioral disorders in patients primary health care between 3 and 14 years old. Prevalence and confidence intervals at 95% were calculated. Chi-square test (p<0,05) was calculated to explore the differences in behavioral disorders accor- ding to sex, age and impact areas. Results: Total cases notified were 626. Out of participants 70% were boys. The estimate overall prevalence for the population between 3-14 years old was 351 per 10.000 (IC95%: 330-372), 491(IC95%:456- 525) in boys and 202 (IC95%:179-226) in girls. Hyperactivity was the highest prevalence (85 per 10.000, CI: 74-95). The 7-10 age grup years old had the highest prevalence (428 per 10.000, IC95%:367-489). The impact in the family was 69,4% in boys and 65,9% in girls (p<0,5). Conclusions: The Behavioral Disorders prevalence found in pae- diatrics patients in primary care was important, showed different epide- miologic profile as function of age and sex, and proved the family was the principal impact area.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoEl CSTM: un instrumento para la evaluación del comportamiento sexual de personas transexuales(Consejo General de la Psicología de España, 2012-05-28) Bergero, Trinidad; Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Gornemann, Isolde; Cano, Guadalupe; Asiain, SusanaSe presenta un instrumento, el CSTM, compuesto por 73 items que permite una evaluación cualitativa y cuantitativa de la sexualidad de las personas transexuales.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoSexual Compulsivity Scale: Adaptation and Validation in the Spanish Population(Taylor & Francis, 2013) Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Gómez Martínez, Sandra; Gil-Llario, MD; Salmerón Sánchez, PedroSexual compulsivity has been studied in relation to high-risk behavior for sexually transmitted infections. The aim of this study was the adaptation and validation of the Sexual Compulsivity Scale to a sample of Spanish young people. This scale was applied to 1,196 (891 female, 305 male) Spanish college students. The results of principal components factor analysis using a varimax rotation indicated a two-factor solution. The reliability of the Sexual Compulsivity Scale was found to be high. Moreover, the scale showed good temporal stability. External correlates were examined through Pearson correlations between the Sexual Compulsivity Scale and other constructs related with HIV prevention. The authors’ results suggest that the Sexual Compulsivity Scale is an appropriate measure for assessing sexual compulsivity, showing adequate psychometric properties in the Spanish population.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoRelationship Status as an Influence on Cybersex Activity: Cybersex, Youth, and Steady Partner(Taylor & Francis, 2013) Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Castro-Calvo, Jesús; Gil-Llario, MD; Giménez-García, CristinaThe authors focus on the influence of participants’ having or not having a steady partner when reference to cybersex use. Participants were 1,239 young, Spanish individuals who completed the Internet Sex Screening Test. Results showed the influence of being in a relationship on certain consumption dimensions of cybersex; the influence was found to be greater in men than in women. In general, cybersex activity was higher for single participants, although it was also significant for participants with a steady partner. The authors’ findings facilitate the comprehension of the effect of new technologies in intimate human relationships.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoSexual Behaviors in Male Sex Workers in Spain: Modulating Factors(Sage, 2013) Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Salmerón Sánchez, Pedro; Gil-Llario, MD; Giménez-García, CristinaThis study analyzed how the culture of origin, educational level, sexual orientation, and experience of male sex workers may mediate their commercial sexual behaviors. A total of 100 Spanish agency male sex workers were interviewed. Most of them were young men, Latin American, homosexual, and had middle-level education. Our results showed that cultural differences and sexual orientation could influence male sex workers when engaging in sexual behaviors with their clients. Social and health projects with male sex workers may have to take into account sexual myths and taboos related to sexual orientation and cultural differences.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoDevelopment of a new instrument to assess AIDS-related attitudes among Spanish Youngsters(Universidad de Murcia, 2013-01) Espada Sánchez, José Pedro; Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Huedo-Medina, Tania; Secades Villa, Roberto; Orgilés Amorós, Mireia; Martínez Lorca, ManuelaThis paper aims to describe the psychometric properties of a new brief multidimensional scale to measure HIV/AIDS related attitudes for adolescents, the HIV Attitudes Scale (HIV-AS). Exploratory analysis aimed to find the theory-driven structure and to develop an empirically derived factor structure for HIV-AS, which was tested with a confirmatory factor analysis. Factorial invariance was studied across gender and age, and multigroup structural equation approach was used in order to compare the groups. Reliability, convergent and discriminant validity were examined. The analyses were based on a sample of 1216 Spanish adolescents. The instrument consists of 12 items distributed across four major factors: 1) Attitudes towards safe sex when there are obstacles, 2) Attitudes towards the HIV test, 3) Attitudes towards condom use, and 4) Attitudes towards people living with the AIDS. The HIV-AS shows good validity and internal reliability and equivalent four-factor structure across gender and the three age groups studied. It can be consider as a capable and parsimonious self- report scale for assessing major aspects of HIV/AIDS-related attitudes for adolescents.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoThe Influence of Drug Consumption on Condom Use and Other Aspects Related to HIV Infection Among Male Sex Workers in Spain(Springer, 2013-02) Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Salmerón Sánchez, Pedro; Gil-Llario, MD; Giménez-García, CristinaHigher rates of substance use have been associated with unsafe sex behavior. Male sex workers (MSW) present high rates of drug use during or after the professional sexual exchange with clients and also in their leisure. This research describes patterns of drug consumption among MSW in Spain and explores both the effect of substance use on professional and risk sexual behaviors. Participants were 100 agency MSW offering their services in Valencia and Castellón (Spain). Most of them were drug users and the most common substances were ‘‘soft drugs’’ and cocaine. An absence of injection drugs was found. Drug consumers indicated a higher HIV risk perceived and lower perceived influence of substance use on condom use negotiation. Drug influence on condom use is not clear. More investigation about drug influence on sexual risk behaviors among MSW is needed. The role of steady partners and clients must be taken into account too.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoLa afectación emocional en profesionales sanitarios de las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos(BORRMART, 2014) Gómez Martínez, Sandra; Ballester-Arnal, RafaelLas Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) son entornos altamente estresantes para todas las personas implicadas en ellas. Por un lado, pacientes y familiares afrontan una situación nueva en un entorno desconocido, con el estrés y los temores que este hecho conlleva.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoEtnopsiquiatría como mediación intercultural(Tremédica. Asociación Internacional de Traductores y Redactores de Medicina y Ciencias Afines, 2014) Raga, FranciscoEn el presente trabajo se analizan, desde la perspectiva crítica de la mediación intercultural, algunas de las principales propuestas de psiquiatría transcultural y de etnopsiquiatría que se han venido desarrollando en el ámbito europeo en las últimas décadas. Se presentan las causas que han provocado la creación de servicios de psiquiatría específicos para usuarios extracomunitarios y los posibles efectos de guetización que pueden provocar dichos centros, y se analizan las críticas planteadas en torno a determinadas propuestas etnopsiquiátricas que otorgan un especial protagonismo a las prácticas tradicionales propias de las culturas de origen de los usuarios.
- ArtículoAcceso abiertoHIV Prevention Interventions for Young Male Commercial Sex Workers(Springer US, 2014-03) Ballester-Arnal, Rafael; Gil-Llario, MD; Salmerón Sánchez, Pedro; Giménez-García, CristinaThe sex industry, where men sell sexual services to other men or women, has grown in recent years. These men who offer sexual services are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection due to such factors as: frequency of risky sexual practices, number of sex partners, drug-taking, prevalence of sexually-transmitted infections (STI) and their specific situation of social exclusion which may hinder access to health services. These multi-faceted realities faced by sex workers explain the burgeoning interest in new avenues of scientific research. There are too few preventive programs however aimed at this population group and the studies that evaluate their effectiveness are fewer still. In this article we survey more recent studies on the difficulties of implementing programs for HIV prevention in male sex workers (MSW), as well as the studies that have gauged the impact of preventive programs in this group.