Estrategias de búsqueda de empleo en jóvenes: ¿existen diferencias por género?

Abstract

Introduction: It has been found that in the field of medical afflictions active coping is related with a better response to treatment. However, the influence of coping strategies on Adjustment Disorder (AD) has not been sufficiently analyzed. Aim: To explore the predictive value of coping styles to predict the severity of symptoms and clinical change in patients with AD. Method: The sample included 44 patients who received a 6-8 session CBT for AD. Brief COPE questionnaire (Carver, 1997) was used to measure coping strategies. Depressive and stress and loss symptoms were assessed at post-intervention and 3, 6 and 12 months follow-ups. Results: Coping strategies did not predict the severity of depressive symptoms, however, they showed significant relationship with the severity of symptoms related to stress and loss. These symptoms were less severe in patients who used more cognitive coping strategies and less blocking or avoidance strategies. Regarding to clinical change, treatment outcomes were independent of the initial coping styles at post-intervention and 3 and 12 months follow-up. Nevertheless, greater use of social support predicted a more significant improvement in stress and loss symptoms at 6 months follow-up. Conclusions: Results highlight the predictive role of active coping (cognitive and social) in the improvement of symptoms related to the stressful event. It is recommended to promote the use of adaptive coping strategies during the treatment of AD.

The breakdown of labor stability that has been experienced in the last decade has producedan increase in unemployment, especially in the young population, and of scientificinterest in the field of job search. However, current research has not applied thegender perspective in this field. For this reason, the aim of the present study is to analyzeif the young people face with the search of employment in a differential way according totheir gender. A qualitative longitudinal study was carried out with 28 young people whohad been unemployed for at least one year. Through a diary study, the subjects describedfor five working days in a row the activities related to the job search they had carried out.The results show that, although women have used fewer techniques per day than men,they have used more techniques on average during the week than men. In addition, it should be emphasized that several women carried out training-related activities while nomen did. In conclusion, the results suggest that there are gender differences that need tobe taken into account when tackling youth employment orientation.