Automatic under-frequency load shedding mal-operation in power systems with high wind power penetration
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Otros documentos de la autoría: Aparicio, N.; Añó-Villalba, Salvador; Belenguer Balaguer, Enrique; Blasco-Gimenez, Ramon
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Automatic under-frequency load shedding mal-operation in power systems with high wind power penetrationFecha de publicación
2017Editor
ElsevierISSN
0378-4754Cita bibliográfica
N. Aparicio, et al., Automatic under-frequency load shedding mal-operation in power systems with high wind power penetration. Math. Comput. Simulation (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matcom.2016.12.006Tipo de documento
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersión de la editorial
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378475417300058Palabras clave / Materias
Resumen
Countries with a limited interconnection capacity suffer substantial frequency variations after large incidents so they use
automatic under-frequency load shedding schemes to arrest the frequency decay. Some of these ... [+]
Countries with a limited interconnection capacity suffer substantial frequency variations after large incidents so they use
automatic under-frequency load shedding schemes to arrest the frequency decay. Some of these countries such as Portugal, Spain
and Ireland also have very high wind penetrations. This can cause additional frequency excursions due to generation time variability
but also to the fact that variable speed wind turbines do not add directly their inertia to the power system. Thus several transmission
system operators have announced new grid codes requiring wind turbines to provide frequency response.
In some scenarios, however, wind energy support may be detrimental to frequency control because it generates an extra energy
that reduces decay and derivative but that cannot be maintained over time. These lower values of frequency decay and derivative
are currently expected after a reduced incident or when conventional generation, which can maintain the extra generation, provides
frequency support, so lead to low or no load shedding. This paper has studied, in particular, the effect of wind generation emulating
inertia. A reduction of frequency derivative is achieved, which looks positive at first, but in some cases leads to initial smaller
load shedding than the incident requires. A reduced frequency derivative triggers less under-frequency relays as if there were a
significant amount of conventional generation that is online. However, this generation has been substituted by wind generation
emulating inertia, and as it can maintain extra generation over time, the frequency continues to decay until the shedding of the
next load step. As a result there is an excessive frequency deviation and an incorrect load shedding for the magnitude of the initial
disturbance. In order to prevent this problem, automatic under frequency load shedding settings may need readjustment when a
large amount of wind generation provides frequency support. [-]
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Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. Available online 16 January 2017Derechos de acceso
© 2017 International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (IMACS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights
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