Effect of ground-cover management on spider mites and their phytoseiid natural enemies in clementine mandarin orchards (I): Bottom-up regulation mechanisms
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.06.013 |
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Título
Effect of ground-cover management on spider mites and their phytoseiid natural enemies in clementine mandarin orchards (I): Bottom-up regulation mechanismsAutoría
Fecha de publicación
2011-11Editor
ElsevierISSN
1049-9644; 1090-2112Cita bibliográfica
Biological Control (Nov. 2011), vol. 59, no. 2, 158-170Tipo de documento
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersión de la editorial
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964411001666Palabras clave / Materias
Resumen
Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest of citrus that can also feed on most plant species occurring in the ground cover associated with this crop. To determine the effect of managing the ... [+]
Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an important pest of citrus that can also feed on most plant species occurring in the ground cover associated with this crop. To determine the effect of managing the ground cover on the biological control of this mite, we have studied the dynamics of both tetranychid and phytoseiid mites in four commercial citrus orchards under three different ground cover management strategies: (1) bare soil, (2) resident wild cover and (3) a sown cover of Festuca arundinacea Schreb. (Poaceae). The results obtained provide evidence that both bottom-up and top-down regulation processes related to the nature of the ground cover affected the tetranychid mite populations in citrus orchards (Panonychus citri (McGregor), Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard and T. urticae). Best results were obtained with the ground cover of F. arundinacea, which did not allow the establishment of T. evansi, and offered a better regulation of both P. citri and T. urticae than either bare soil or the resident wild cover. We hypothesize that the selection of a host race of T. urticae specialized in F. arundinacea when this plant was used as a cover crop could partly explain the results obtained. Further trap cropping effects could also be relevant (bottom-up regulation). [-]
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