Investigation of drugs of abuse in wastewater. Estimation of drug consumption and potential environmental impact
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Investigation of drugs of abuse in wastewater. Estimation of drug consumption and potential environmental impactAutoría
Tutor/Supervisor; Universidad.Departamento
Hernández Hernández, Félix; Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Química Física i AnalíticaFecha de publicación
2018-07Editor
Universitat Jaume IResumen
Drugs of abuse (DOAs) have come to be in the spotlight of the society in recent
years. Consumption of these substances can be estimated from the analysis of urban
wastewater, as drugs consumed by human beings are ... [+]
Drugs of abuse (DOAs) have come to be in the spotlight of the society in recent
years. Consumption of these substances can be estimated from the analysis of urban
wastewater, as drugs consumed by human beings are finally excreted, mainly in urine,
and end up in the wastewater. In addition, when these waters are treated in wastewater
treatment plants (WWTPs) there is not a complete removal of compounds such as
pharmaceuticals and drugs of abuse; therefore, treated wastewater may have an
important impact on aquatic environment. Both issues, the estimation of consumption
of DOAs as well as the potential impact on effluent wastewater on the environment, are
considered in this study.
The study is focused on the determination of several drugs usually consumed and
some major metabolites: amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA
or ecstasy), methamphetamine, 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine,
benzoylecgonine and ketamine. Modern and sensitive analytical methodology based on
the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry was
applied. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used for clean-up and to pre-concentrate the
samples. To correct for matrix effects, isotope-labelled internal standards, available for
all compounds tested, were added to the samples. Moreover, for influent wastewater
samples, a four-fold dilution was done before SPE with the aim to facilitate the loading
of the samples through the cartridge. The volume of samples injected into the
LC-MS/MS system was 3μL. The method applied was previously validated by
researchers of the group to ensure the reliability of data reported.
The experimental procedure was applied to 14 influent and 14 effluent wastewater
samples daily collected from WWTPs of Castellón and Madrid over a whole week.
At the same time, removal efficiency of these WWTPs was calculated to estimate
the percentage of compound that was not eliminated in the WWTP and consequently
was discharged to the aquatic environment generating a potential negative impact. The
toxicity of the drugs studied was also considered in the study. [-]
Palabras clave / Materias
Descripción
Treball Final de Grau en Química. Codi: QU0943. Curs acadèmic: 2017/2018
Tipo de documento
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesisDerechos de acceso
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Aparece en las colecciones
- Grau en Química [265]
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