Design and application of capacitive sensors for characterization of two‐phase flows
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Título
Design and application of capacitive sensors for characterization of two‐phase flowsAutoría
Tutor/Supervisor
Chiva Vicent, Sergio; Monrós Tomás, GuillermoTutor/Supervisor; Universidad.Departamento
Universitat Jaume I. Departament d'Enginyeria Mecànica i Construcció; Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Química Inorgànica i OrgànicaFecha de publicación
2015Editor
Universitat Jaume IResumen
Multiphase flow can usually be found in many branches of industry, both in processes and
applications, as well as in many natural phenomena.
In energy engineering, two‐phase systems (liquid‐gas systems, basically) ... [+]
Multiphase flow can usually be found in many branches of industry, both in processes and
applications, as well as in many natural phenomena.
In energy engineering, two‐phase systems (liquid‐gas systems, basically) represent a wide
portion of cases of industrial interest, which are present in chemical and nuclear industry and
in thermal generation and oil extraction plants.
The comprehension of the behaviour of a liquid‐gas mixture has become critical in recent years
due to necessary efficiency improvements and the safety levels required in all those systems.
The identification of the flow regimes and their transitions is important for industrial
application as well as for the theoretical analysis point of view. On one hand, almost all
constitutive relations in a two‐fluid model depend on the flow regime since physical
mechanisms vary with flow regime transitions. On the other, industrial equipment offers
durability and safety only when the facility operates according to the flow regimes that it was
designed. Other important parameters, such as heat and mass transfer rates, pressure drop,
etc, are also directly connected with the operating flow regime.
Focusing on the specific case of the petrochemical industry and wastewater management, the
working fluids requires specific instrumentation in order to study and characterize the flow. In
hydrocarbon distribution channels mainly coexist two non‐conductive phases: gas and liquid
phases. In distribution networks of sewage, non‐intrusive measurement techniques are
required because of the nature of the medium (aggressiveness, heterogeneity, fouling
processes, etc). This leads to the appearance of several difficulties when the most common
measurement instruments are applied, which are based solely on the different phases
conductivity (electrical impedance tomography and local conductivity sensors).
The aim of this paper is to provide different measuring instruments ‐ both intrusive and nonintrusive
‐ based on capacitive measurements (permittivity) for the identification of the
different non‐conductive phases, with the addition of an electronic design that allows data
collection with a high spatial and temporal resolution (> 10 kHz).
Three different scenarios have been studied in this work: oil‐water two‐phase flow in vertical
and horizontal configuration and dynamic level measurements. In vertical configuration,
leading local flow parameters have been measured (void fraction, interfacial velocity, bubble
frequency, interfacial area concentration, etc.) by using a multisensor capacitive sensor. In the
case of horizontal flow, a nonintrusive two‐plate sensor has been used in order to detect and
calculate speed and frequency of bubbles in slug regime because of its importance in
blockages occurring in hydrocarbons distribution lines and solar thermal centrals. In the last
section, a non‐intrusive three‐electrode sensor is been designed for the measurement of the
dynamic level in conducts in order to offer the possibility of its implementation in sewage
distribution channels. [-]
Palabras clave / Materias
Máster Universitario en Eficiencia Energética y Sostenibilidad | Màster Universitari en Eficiència Energètica i Sostenibilitat | Master's Degree in Energy Efficiency and Sustainability in Industrial Plants and in Building Construction | Flujo multifásico | Condensadores eléctricos | Sensores | Multiphase flow | Capacitors | Detectors | Flux multifàsic | Condensadors elèctrics | Detectors
Descripción
Treball Final de Master Universitari en Eficiència Energètica i Sostenibilitat (Pla de 2013) Codi: SIV034. Curs: 2014/2015
Tipo de documento
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisDerechos de acceso
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess