Metabolomic techniques on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q TOF MS) applied on determination of origin of Spanish Extra Virgin Olive Oils
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Título
Metabolomic techniques on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q TOF MS) applied on determination of origin of Spanish Extra Virgin Olive OilsAutoría
Tutor/Supervisor
Sancho Llopis, Juan VicenteTutor/Supervisor; Universidad.Departamento
Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Química Física i AnalíticaFecha de publicación
2014Resumen
Olive oil is a fundamental component of the Mediterranean area diet and it is
widely used as a condiment, cooking medium, emulsion component and in the storage of
vegetable and animal food [1]. Olive oil cultivation ... [+]
Olive oil is a fundamental component of the Mediterranean area diet and it is
widely used as a condiment, cooking medium, emulsion component and in the storage of
vegetable and animal food [1]. Olive oil cultivation originated in Asia Minor and has spread
to Greece, Italy, Spain and North Africa. Recently it was also extended in other countries
with temperate climate like France. In contrast to other vegetables oils, extra virgin olive
oil (EVOO), produced by modern milling technologies, can be directly consumed without
any further manipulation. Once a year, the International Olive Council (IOC) updates statistics on production,
imports, exports and consumption of olive oil. The statistics of 2013 shows that EU is the
responsible for 71.9% of world production of olive oil and Spain produces the 59.1% of
Europe’s olive oil. Many areas where high-quality olive oils are produced are located in
Spain. The characteristics of these oils are determined by a series of factors: the nature of
the soil, the climate variety of the plant, cultivation and oil extraction techniques [2]. The
Food Quality Certification are products that are protected by a European Union legislation
ensuring compliance of higher requirements than those required for other products.
Protected Designations of Origin (PDO), Protected Geographical Indications (PGI) and
others are official EU classifications, and a system used in Spain for the recognition of
distinct quality [3]. Only some works have been conducted on the identification of markers
for the origin of oils by analytical methods [4–6]. Metabolomics (or more precisely
metabolic fingerprinting) is a feasible approach for the discovering of those markers. In
the Universidad Jaime I (UJI) some metabolomics projects have been carried out in the
field of Food Authenticity. Very recently an article was published in Food Chemistry where
some biomarkers were identified for correct authentication of Spanish (Valencian)
oranges. In this project, 91 Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) samples from different regions of
Spain with Protected Designation Origin (PDO) certificate have been analyzed using
multivariate analysis from the data obtained by UHPLC-QTOF MS with the objective to
discover useful biomarkers for origin differentiation. QTOF MS has been used under MSE
mode, i.e. simultaneous acquisition at low (LE) and high collision energy (HE), which
provides useful information on the molecular mass (commonly at LE) and on the main
fragments ions (commonly at HE). The non-lipidic (unsaponifiable) and lipidic (saponifiable) portion of the oil (see in
Figure 1 the olive oil composition) were analyzed separately because of the difference in
polarity, that means, two separation methods were performed in UHPLC under reversed
phase conditions but using different mobile phases. Furthermore, the samples were
analyzed in both positive and negative electrospray ionization mode in the QTOF MS. This
work only deals on the analysis of lipidic portion of the EVOO, composed mainly by
triglycerides (a triglyceride is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids).
A freeware R-package has been used to extract and integrate peaks from the Total
Ion Chromatogram (TIC), and to al
techniques have been employed to classify samples according to their origin
significant biomarkers have been highlighted in order
different Spanish Regions. [-]
Palabras clave / Materias
Tipo de documento
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Aparece en las colecciones
- Grau en Química [265]