• closedAccess   Analytical investigation of cannabis biomarkers in raw urban wastewater to refine consumption estimates 

      Campos-Mañas, Marina Celia; Van Wichelen, Natan; Covaci, Adrian; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Been, Frederic; Castiglioni, Sara; Hernandez, Felix; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2022-08)
      Wastewater analysis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) biomarkers can provide essential information on trends in cannabis consumption. Although analysis is mostly focused on the aqueous phase, previous studies have illustrated ...
    • openAccess   Assessing geographical differences in illicit drug consumption – A comparison of results from epidemiological and wastewater data in Germany and Switzerland 

      Been, Frederic; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Benaglia, Lisa; Berset, Jean-Daniel; Botero-Coy, Ana Maria; Castiglioni, Sara; Kraus, Ludwig; Zobel, Frank; Schaub, Michael P.; Bücheli, Alexander; Hernandez, Felix; Delémont, Olivier; Esseiva, Pierre; Ort, Christoph Elsevier (2016-04-01)
      Background: Wastewater analysis is an innovative approach that allows monitoring illicit drug use at the community level. This study focused on investigating geographical differences in drug consumption by comparing ...
    • openAccess   Changes in drug use in European cities during early COVID-19 lockdowns ? A snapshot from wastewater analysis 

      Been, Frederic; Emke, Erik; Matias, Joao Luis; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Boogaerts, Tim; Castiglioni, Sara; Campos-Mañas, Marina Celia; Celma, Alberto; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; ter Laak, Thomas; Reid, Malcolm; Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Steenbeek, Ruud; van Nuijs, Alexander; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2021-03-26)
      The COVID-19 outbreak has forced countries to introduce severe restrictive measures to contain its spread. In particular, physical distancing and restriction of movement have had important consequences on human behaviour ...
    • closedAccess   Comparing illicit drug use in 19 European cities through sewage analysis 

      Bijlsma, Lubertus; Hernandez, Felix; Thomas, Kevin V.; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; Emke, Erik; Grabic, Roman; Karolak, Sara; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Lindberg, Richard H.; López de Alda, Miren; Meierjohann, Axel; Ort, Christoph; Picó Gracia, Yolanda; Quintana, José B.; Reid, Malcolm; Rieckermann, Jörg; Terzic, Senka; van Nuijs, Alexander; de Voogt, Pim Elsevier (2012-08)
      The analysis of sewage for urinary biomarkers of illicit drugs is a promising and complementary approach for estimating the use of these substances in the general population. For the first time, this approach was simultaneously ...
    • openAccess   Comparison of pharmaceutical, illicit drug, alcohol, nicotine and caffeine levels in wastewater with sale, seizure and consumption data for 8 European cities 

      Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Salvatore, Stefania; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Bade, Richard; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Reid, Malcolm; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; de Voogt, Pim; Bramness, Jorgen; Thomas, Kevin V. BioMed Central (2016)
      Background: Monitoring the scale of pharmaceuticals, illicit and licit drugs consumption is important to assess the needs of law enforcement and public health, and provides more information about the different trends within ...
    • closedAccess   Comparison of phosphodiesterase type V inhibitors use in eight European cities through analysis of urban wastewater 

      Causanilles, Ana; Rojas Cantillano, Daniela; Emke, Erik; Bade, Richard; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin; de Voogt, Pim Elsevier (2018-06)
      In this work a step forward in investigating the use of prescription drugs, namely erectile dysfunction products, at European level was taken by applying the wastewater-based epidemiology approach. 24-h composite samples ...
    • openAccess   Drug use by music festival attendees: A novel triangulation approach using self-reported data and test results of oral fluid and pooled urine samples 

      Gjerde, Hallvard; Gjersing, Linn; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Furuhaugen, Havard; Bretteville-Jensen, Anne LIne; Hernandez, Felix; Castiglioni, Sara; Amundsen, Ellen Johanna; Zuccato, Ettore Taylor & Francis (2019)
      Background: Self-reported data are commonly used when investigating illicit substance use. However, self-reports have well-known limitations such as limited recall and socially desirable responding. Mislabeling or ...
    • closedAccess   Enantiomeric profiling of quinolones and quinolones resistance gene qnrS in European wastewaters 

      Castrignano', Erika; Yang, Zhugen; Feil, Edward; Bade, Richard; Castiglioni, Sara; Causanilles, Ana; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Hernandez, Felix; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara Elsevier (2020)
      Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) was applied for the first time in seven cities across Europe with the aim of estimating quinolones consumption via the analysis of human urinary metabolites in wastewater. This report ...
    • closedAccess   Enantiomeric profiling of chiral illicit drugs in a pan-European study 

      Castrignanò, Erika; Yang, Zhugen; Bade, Richard; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castiglioni, Sara; Causanilles, Ana; Covaci, Adrian; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Hernandez, Felix; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin V.; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara Elsevier (2018)
      The aim of this paper is to present the first study on spatial and temporal variation in the enantiomeric profile of chiral drugs in eight European cities. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) and enantioselective analysis ...
    • openAccess   Estimation of caffeine intake from analysis of caffeine metabolites in wastewater 

      GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Zuccato, Ettore; Bade, Richard; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Santos, Miguel M.; Thomas, Kevin V.; de Voogt, Pim; Yang, Zhugen; Castiglioni, Sara Elsevier (2017-12)
      Caffeine metabolites in wastewater were investigated as potential biomarkers for assessing caffeine intake in a population. The main human urinary metabolites of caffeine were measured in the urban wastewater of ten European ...
    • closedAccess   Evaluation of Uncertainties Associated with the Determination of Community Drug Use through the Measurement of Sewage Drug Biomarkers 

      Castiglioni, Sara; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Covaci, Adrian; Emke, Erik; Hernandez, Felix; Reid, Malcolm; Ort, Christoph; Thomas, Kevin V.; van Nuijs, Alexander; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore American Chemical Society (2013)
      The aim of this study was to integrally address the uncertainty associated with all the steps used to estimate community drug consumption through the chemical analysis of sewage biomarkers of illicit drugs. Uncertainty has ...
    • openAccess   Flexible high resolution-mass spectrometry approach for screening new psychoactive substances in urban wastewater 

      Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Castiglioni, Sara; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Celma, Alberto; Bagnati, Renzo; Hernandez, Felix; Zuccato, Ettore Elsevier (2019-11-01)
      The number of new psychoactive substances (NPS) on the recreational drug market has increased rapidly in the last years, creating serious challenges for public health agencies and law enforcement authorities. Epidemiological ...
    • openAccess   Increased levels of the oxidative stress biomarker 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α in wastewater associated with tobacco use 

      Ryu, Yeonsuk; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Bade, Richard; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Bramness, Jorgen; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Hernandez, Felix; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Reid, Malcolm; Thomas, Kevin V. Nature Publishing Group (2016)
      Wastewater analysis has been demonstrated to be a complementary approach for assessing the overall patterns of drug use by a population while the full potential of wastewater-based epidemiology has yet to be explored. ...
    • closedAccess   Influent wastewater analysis to investigate emerging trends of new psychoactive substances use in Europe 

      Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Been, Frederic; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Boogaerts, Tim; Covaci, Adrian; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Matias, João; Ort, Christoph; Bodík, Igor; Heath, Ester; Styszko, Katarzyna; Emke, Erik; Hernandez, Felix; van Nuijs, Alexander; Castiglioni, Sara Elsevier (2024-01-27)
      Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can provide objective and timely information on the use of new psychoactive substances (NPS), originally designed as legal alternatives of internationally controlled drugs. NPS have ...
    • closedAccess   International snapshot of new psychoactive substance use: Case study of eight countries over the 2019/2020 new year period 

      Bade, Richard; White, Jason M.; Chen, Jingjing; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Been, Frederic; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Química Física i Analítica; Burgard, Daniel A.; Castiglioni, Sara; Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Celma, Alberto; Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Química Física i Analítica; Chappell, Andrew; Emke, Erik; Steenbeek, Ruud; Wang, Degao; Zuccato, Ettore; Gerber, Cobus Elsevier (2021-02-03)
      There is considerable concern around the use of new psychoactive substances (NPS), but still little is known about how much they are really consumed. Analysis by forensics laboratories of seized drugs and post-mortem samples ...
    • openAccess   Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of synthetic cathinones and phenethylamines in influent wastewater of eight European cities 

      Bade, Richard; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Sancho, Juan V; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin V.; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore; Hernandez, Felix Elsevier (2017)
      The popularity of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has grown in recent years, with certain NPS commonly and preferentially consumed even following the introduction of preventative legislation. With the objective to improve ...
    • openAccess   Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of synthetic cathinones and phenethylamines in influent wastewater of eight European cities 

      Bade, Richard; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Sancho, Juan V; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Castiglioni, Sara; Castrignanò, Erika; Causanilles, Ana; GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; van Nuijs, Alexander; Ort, Christoph; Plosz, Benedek; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Thomas, Kevin V.; de Voogt, Pim; Zuccato, Ettore; Hernandez, Felix Elsevier (2017-02)
      The popularity of new psychoactive substances (NPS) has grown in recent years, with certain NPS commonly and preferentially consumed even following the introduction of preventative legislation. With the objective to improve ...
    • openAccess   Mass spectrometric strategies for the investigation of biomarkers of illicit drug use in wastewater 

      Hernandez, Felix; Castiglioni, Sara; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Ort, Christoph; Reid, Malcolm; Vicente Sancho, Juan; Thomas, Kevin V.; van Nuijs, Alexander; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus Wiley (2018)
      The analysis of illicit drugs in urban wastewater is the basis of wastewater‐based epidemiology (WBE), and has received much scientific attention because the concentrations measured can be used as a new non‐intrusive tool ...
    • openAccess   Measuring biomarkers in wastewater as a new source of epidemiological information: current state and future perspectives 

      GRACIA LOR, EMMA; Castiglioni, Sara; Bade, Richard; Been, Frederic; Castrignanò, Erika; Covaci, Adrian; González-Mariño, Iria; Hapeshi, Evroula; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kinyua, Juliet; Lai, Foon Yin; Letzel, Thomas; Lopardo, Luigi; Meyer, Markus R.; O'Brien, Jake; Ramin, Pedram; Rousis, Nikolaos I; Rydevik, Axel; Ryu, Yeonsuk; Santos, Miguel M.; Senta, Ivan; Thomaidis, Nikolaos; Veloutsou, Sofia; Yang, Zhugen; Zuccato, Ettore; Bijlsma, Lubertus Elsevier (2017-02)
      The information obtained from the chemical analysis of specific human excretion products (biomarkers) in urban wastewater can be used to estimate the exposure or consumption of the population under investigation to a defined ...
    • openAccess   Monitoring a large number of pesticides and transformation products in water samples from Spain and Italy 

      Rousis, Nikolaos I; Bade, Richard; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Zuccato, Ettore; Sancho, Juan V; Hernandez, Felix; Castiglioni, Sara Elsevier (2017-07)
      Assessing the presence of pesticides in environmental waters is particularly challenging because of the huge number of substances used which may end up in the environment. Furthermore, the occurrence of pesticide transformation ...