Next-generation systemic acquired resistance
Impact
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comunitat-uji-handle2:10234/2508
comunitat-uji-handle3:10234/6999
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.187468 |
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Title
Next-generation systemic acquired resistanceDate
2012Publisher
American Society of Plant BiologistsISSN
0032-0889; 1532-2548Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articlePublisher version
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/158/2/844.full.pdf+htmlAbstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a plant immune response to pathogen attack. Recent evidence suggests that plant
immunity involves regulation by chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation. We investigated whether ... [+]
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a plant immune response to pathogen attack. Recent evidence suggests that plant
immunity involves regulation by chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation. We investigated whether SAR can be inherited
epigenetically following disease pressure by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 (PstDC3000). Compared to progeny from
control-treated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; C1
), progeny from PstDC3000-inoculated Arabidopsis (P1
) were primed to
activate salicylic acid (SA)-inducible defense genes and were more resistant to the (hemi)biotrophic pathogens Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and PstDC3000. This transgenerational SAR was sustained over one stress-free generation, indicating an
epigenetic basis of the phenomenon. Furthermore, P1
progeny displayed reduced responsiveness of jasmonic acid (JA)-
inducible genes and enhanced susceptibility to the necrotrophic fungus Alternaria brassicicola. This shift in SA- and JAdependent gene responsiveness was not associated with changes in corresponding hormone levels. Instead, chromatin
immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that SA-inducible promoters of PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE1, WRKY6, and
WRKY53 in P1
plants are enriched with acetylated histone H3 at lysine 9, a chromatin mark associated with a permissive state
of transcription. Conversely, the JA-inducible promoter of PLANT DEFENSIN1.2 showed increased H3 triple methylation at
lysine 27, a mark related to repressed gene transcription. P1
progeny from the defense regulatory mutant non expressor of PR1
(npr1)-1 failed to develop transgenerational defense phenotypes, demonstrating a critical role for NPR1 in expression of
transgenerational SAR. Furthermore, the drm1drm2cmt3 mutant that is affected in non-CpG DNA methylation mimicked the
transgenerational SAR phenotype. Since PstDC3000 induces DNA hypomethylation in Arabidopsis, our results suggest that
transgenerational SAR is transmitted by hypomethylated genes that direct priming of SA-dependent defenses in the following
generations. [-]
Is part of
Plant Physiology, february 2012, Vol. 158Rights
© 2011 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved.
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- CAMN_Articles [567]