Influent wastewater analysis to investigate emerging trends of new psychoactive substances use in Europe
Impact
Scholar |
Other documents of the author: Salgueiro-González, Noelia; Been, Frederic; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Boogaerts, Tim; Covaci, Adrian; Baz Lomba, Jose Antonio; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Matias, João; Ort, Christoph; Bodík, Igor; Heath, Ester; Styszko, Katarzyna; Emke, Erik; Hernandez, Felix; van Nuijs, Alexander; Castiglioni, Sara
Metadata
Show full item recordcomunitat-uji-handle:10234/9
comunitat-uji-handle2:10234/33596
comunitat-uji-handle3:10234/33597
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INVESTIGACIONMetadata
Title
Influent wastewater analysis to investigate emerging trends of new psychoactive substances use in EuropeAuthor (s)
Date
2024-01-27Publisher
ElsevierBibliographic citation
Salgueiro-Gonzalez, N., Béen, F., Bijlsma, L., Boogaerts, T., Covaci, A., Baz-Lomba, J. A., ... & Castiglioni, S. (2024). Influent wastewater analysis to investigate emerging trends of new psychoactive substances use in Europe. Water Research, 121390.Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionSubject
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can provide objective and timely information on the use of new psychoactive substances (NPS), originally designed as legal alternatives of internationally controlled drugs. NPS have ... [+]
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) can provide objective and timely information on the use of new psychoactive substances (NPS), originally designed as legal alternatives of internationally controlled drugs. NPS have rapidly emerged on the global drug market, posing a challenge to drug policy and constituting a risk to public health. In this study, a WBE approach was applied to monitor the use of more than 300 NPS, together with fentanyl and its main metabolite norfentanyl, in influent wastewater collected from 12 European cities during March-June 2021. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of NPS in composite 24 h influent wastewater samples were based on solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In-sample stability tests demonstrated the suitability of most investigated biomarkers, except for a few synthetic opioids, synthetic cannabinoids and phenetylamines. Fentanyl, norfentanyl and eight NPS were quantified in influent wastewater and at least three substances were found in each city, demonstrating their use in Europe. N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC) were the most common NPS found, with the latter having the highest mass loads (up to 24.8 mg/day/1000 inhabitants). Seven additional substances, belonging to five categories of NPS, were identified in different cities. Spatial trends of NPS use were observed between cities and countries, and a changing weekly profile of use was observed for 3-MMC. WBE is a useful tool to rapidly evaluate emerging trends of NPS use, complementing common indicators (i.e. population surveys, seizures) and helping to establish measures for public health protection. [-]
Funder Name
European Union's Justice Programme - Drugs Policy | Dipartimento Politiche Antidroga - Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, Italy | Italian Institute of Health, ISS | MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 | FWO ARIS project | AGH University | Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland
Project code
EuSeME project number 861602 | RYC2020–028936-I | N1–0143 | 16.16.210.476
Project title or grant
“Acque reflue” project | ESF Investing in your future | Novel approaches for the estimation of the use of psychoactive pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs by wastewater analysis | Municipal Waterworks and Sewer Enterprise in Krakow
Rights
© 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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