Influence of Cross-Section and Pitch on the Mechanical Response of NiTi Endodontic Files under Bending and Torsional Conditions—A Finite Element Analysis
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Title
Influence of Cross-Section and Pitch on the Mechanical Response of NiTi Endodontic Files under Bending and Torsional Conditions—A Finite Element AnalysisAuthor (s)
Date
2022-05-08Publisher
MDPIISSN
2077-0383Bibliographic citation
Roda-Casanova, Victor, Antonio Pérez-González, Alvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, and Vicente Faus-Matoses. 2022. "Influence of Cross-Section and Pitch on the Mechanical Response of NiTi Endodontic Files under Bending and Torsional Conditions—A Finite Element Analysis" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 9: 2642. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092642Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionSubject
Abstract
In this article, the effects of cross-section and pitch on the mechanical response of NiTi
endodontic files is studied by means of finite element analyses. The study was conducted over a set of
eight endodontic ... [+]
In this article, the effects of cross-section and pitch on the mechanical response of NiTi
endodontic files is studied by means of finite element analyses. The study was conducted over a set of
eight endodontic rotary files, whose geometry was obtained from combinations of two cross-sections
(square and triangular) and four pitches. Each file was subjected to bending and torsional analyses,
simulating the testing conditions indicated in the ISO 3630 Standard, in order to assess their stiffness
and mechanical strength. The results indicate that endodontic files with a square cross-section have
double the stiffness of those with triangular cross-sections, both in terms of bending and torsion. For
both loading modes, endodontic files with a triangular cross-section can undergo larger deformations
before overload failure than those with a square cross-section: up to 20% more in bending and
40% in torsion. Moreover, under equivalent boundary conditions, endodontic files with triangular
cross-sections present a higher fatigue life than those with square cross-sections: up to more than
300% higher for small pitches. The effect of pitch on the stiffness and strength of the file is smaller
than that of the cross-section shape, but smaller pitches could be beneficial when using a triangular
cross-section, as they increase the bending flexibility, fatigue life, and torsion stiffness. These results
suggest a clinical recommendation for the use of files with a triangular-shaped cross-section and a
small pitch in order to minimize ledging and maximize fatigue life. Finally, in this study, we reveal
the sensitivity of the orientation of files with respect to the bending direction, which must be taken
into account when designing, reporting, and interpreting test results under such loading conditions. [-]
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J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(9), 2642; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11092642Rights
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