Investigation of Illicit Drugs consumption during a music festival using Wastewater Based Epidemiology
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Title
Investigation of Illicit Drugs consumption during a music festival using Wastewater Based EpidemiologyAuthor (s)
Tutor/Supervisor; University.Department
Hernández Hernández, Félix Javier; Universitat Jaume I. Departament de Química Física i AnalíticaDate
2019-07Publisher
Universitat Jaume IAbstract
Illicit drugs (ID) have become the center of attention of society in recent years. One of the most
recent approaches to estimate the consumption of ID makes use of the analysis of urban
wastewater, which is known ... [+]
Illicit drugs (ID) have become the center of attention of society in recent years. One of the most
recent approaches to estimate the consumption of ID makes use of the analysis of urban
wastewater, which is known as Wastewater Based Epidemiology (WBE). The population
excretes the IDs consumed, mainly by urine, and end up in wastewater (WW). The estimate of
ID consumption by WBE has been applied in this study.
The present work focuses on several ID most consumed and some of their main metabolites:
amphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy), methamphetamine,
11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, benzoylecgonine and ketamine. The
analytical methodology used in this study has been ultra-high performance liquid
chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, which is an advanced and
sensitive technique used nowadays for the determination of pharmaceuticals and ID in different
matrices. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for cleaning and prior concentration of the
samples. Isotopically labeled internal standards (ILIS), available for all compounds, were used
to correct the matrix effects commonly found in a highly-complex matrix, such as influent
wastewater (IWW). The volume of sample extract injected into the UHPLC-MS / MS system
was 3 μL. The method applied was previously validated in the Institut Universitari de
Plaguicides i Aigües (IUPA) to guarantee the reliability of the data presented.
In this study, we analyzed 14 samples (24 hours-composite samples) collected during two
consecutive months (one week in August and one week in September 2018) in a Spanish city,
coinciding the August sampling with a music festival. The data obtained have been compared
and evaluated to estimate the consumption of IDs and to assess the influence of the music
festival on the use of drugs. [-]
Description
Treball Final de Grau en Química. Codi: QU0943. Curs acadèmic: 2018/2019
Type
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