Is cognitive–behavioural therapy more effective than relaxation therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders? A meta-analysis
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Title
Is cognitive–behavioural therapy more effective than relaxation therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders? A meta-analysisAuthor (s)
Date
2018Publisher
Cambridge University PressISSN
0033-2917; 1469-8978Bibliographic citation
Montero-Marin J, GarciaCampayo J, López-Montoyo A, Zabaleta-delOlmo E, Cuijpers P (2018). Is cognitive– behavioural therapy more effective than relaxation therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders? A meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine 48, 1427–1436. https://doi.org/ 10.1017/S0033291717003099Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articlePublisher version
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/is-cognit ...Version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionAbstract
Background. It is not clear whether relaxation therapies are more or less effective than cognitive and behavioural therapies in the treatment of anxiety. The aims of the present study
were to examine the effects of ... [+]
Background. It is not clear whether relaxation therapies are more or less effective than cognitive and behavioural therapies in the treatment of anxiety. The aims of the present study
were to examine the effects of relaxation techniques compared to cognitive and behavioural
therapies in reducing anxiety symptoms, and whether they have comparable efficacy across
disorders.
Method. We conducted a meta-analysis of 50 studies (2801 patients) comparing relaxation
training with cognitive and behavioural treatments of anxiety.
Results. The overall effect size (ES) across all anxiety outcomes, with only one combined ES in
each study, was g = −0.27 [95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.41 to −0.13], favouring cognitive
and behavioural therapies (number needed to treat = 6.61). However, no significant difference
between relaxation and cognitive and behavioural therapies was found for generalized anxiety
disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and specific phobias (considering social anxiety and specific phobias separately). Heterogeneity was moderate (I
2 = 52; 95% CI = 33–65).
The ES was significantly associated with age ( p < 0.001), hours of cognitive and/or behavioural therapy ( p = 0.015), quality of intervention ( p = 0.007), relaxation treatment format
( p < 0.001) and type of disorder ( p = 0.008), explaining an 82% of variance.
Conclusions. Relaxation seems to be less effective than cognitive and behavioural therapies in
the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, and obsessive–compulsive disorder and it
might also be less effective at 1-year follow-up for panic, but there is no evidence that it is
less effective for other anxiety disorders. [-]
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Psychological Medicine, 48, 2018.Rights
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