A High Dietary Glycemic Index Increases Total Mortality in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk
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Title
A High Dietary Glycemic Index Increases Total Mortality in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular RiskAuthor (s)
Date
2014Publisher
Public Library of ScienceISSN
1932-6203; 1932-6203Bibliographic citation
CASTRO-QUEZADA, Itandehui, et al. A high dietary glycemic index increases total mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. PloS one, 2014, vol. 9, no 9, p. e107968.Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersion
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionSubject
Abstract
Objective: Different types of carbohydrates have diverse glycemic response, thus glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL)
are used to assess this variation. The impact of dietary GI and GL in all-cause mortality ... [+]
Objective: Different types of carbohydrates have diverse glycemic response, thus glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL)
are used to assess this variation. The impact of dietary GI and GL in all-cause mortality is unknown. The objective of this
study was to estimate the association between dietary GI and GL and risk of all-cause mortality in the PREDIMED study.
Material and Methods: The PREDIMED study is a randomized nutritional intervention trial for primary cardiovascular
prevention based on community-dwelling men and women at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary information was
collected at baseline and yearly using a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We assigned GI values of each
item by a 5-step methodology, using the International Tables of GI and GL Values. Deaths were ascertained through contact
with families and general practitioners, review of medical records and consultation of the National Death Index. Cox regression
models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and their 95% CI for mortality, according to quartiles of
energy-adjusted dietary GI/GL. To assess repeated measures of exposure, we updated GI and GL intakes from the yearly FFQs
and used Cox models with time-dependent exposures.
Results: We followed 3,583 non-diabetic subjects (4.7 years of follow-up, 123 deaths). As compared to participants in the lowest
quartile of baseline dietary GI, those in the highest quartile showed an increased risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 2.15 (95% CI:
1.15–4.04); P for trend = 0.012]. In the repeated-measures analyses using as exposure the yearly updated information on GI, we
observed a similar association. Dietary GL was associated with all-cause mortality only when subjects were younger than 75 years.
Conclusions: High dietary GI was positively associated with all-cause mortality in elderly population at high cardiovascular risk. [-]
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as 2014 Castro-Quezada et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.