Diferencias de expresión genética entre machos y hembras: descifrando los mecanismos de uno de los fenotipos más prevalentes de los mamíferos: el sexo

Abstract

The present purpose of this review is the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that trigger and maintain sex differences along the ontogeny of an individual. Furthermore, a little evolutionary relevant information is presented in order to clarify the differences among species and to introduce a novel line for the studying of sex differences. Besides, it is known that phylogeny could be depicted, in some way, along the ontogeny. The sex is a complex phenotype that is thought to be responsible, at least in part, not only of the collateral effects between males and females which cause several drugs, but also of the distinct prevalence that affect one sex rather than the other. Here, we present large longitudinal and transversal evidence through the different necessary levels to the comprehension of the human behaviour (from genetics to conduct) on which sex interferes, making emphasis on the genes due to its important role as a link between them and the rest of levels. Thus, we will get a better understanding about what we already know of such networks. The fully comprehension will allow us to achieve new ways of facing the problem and, perhaps, new ideas of how addressing further investigations in the future.