Synthesis of 58S bioactive glass based on a novel methodology employing microwave technology

Abstract

The sol-gel method for bioactive glass synthesis offers advantages such as precise control over the chemistry, a straightforward way of modifying the composition and lower processing temperatures. However, longer processing times are required, increasing energy consumption.

The present work successfully produced 58S bioactive glass employing microwave technology and a two steps synthesis route, saving significant energy and time (76 % and 99 % respectively) compared to conventional methods such as sol-gel and hydrothermal method, directly impacting on cost savings and competitiveness.

Microwave pressure played a key role: higher pressure led to lower content of residual nitrates and could reduce final processing temperature. This pressure dependence allows for precise control of the glass properties. The resulting glass closely resembled the characteristics and properties of the same glass produced by conventional methods, demonstrating the effectiveness of microwave technology. Moreover, the glass reacted positively with Simulated Body Fluid, indicating good bioactivity.