Identification of Unknown Substances in Ambient Air (PM10), Profiles and Differences between Rural, Urban and Industrial Areas
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Título
Identification of Unknown Substances in Ambient Air (PM10), Profiles and Differences between Rural, Urban and Industrial AreasAutoría
Fecha de publicación
2022-04Editor
MDPIISSN
2305-6304Cita bibliográfica
López, A.; Fuentes, E.; Yusà, V.; Ibáñez, M.; Coscollà, C. Identification of Unknown Substances in Ambient Air (PM10), Profiles and Differences between Rural, Urban and Industrial Areas. Toxics 2022, 10, 220. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/toxics10050220Tipo de documento
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersión de la editorial
https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/5/220Versión
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPalabras clave / Materias
Resumen
A fast and automated strategy has been developed for identifying unknown substances
in the atmosphere (concretely, in the particulate matter, PM10) using LC-HRMS (MS3). A total
of 15 samples were collected in three ... [+]
A fast and automated strategy has been developed for identifying unknown substances
in the atmosphere (concretely, in the particulate matter, PM10) using LC-HRMS (MS3). A total
of 15 samples were collected in three different areas (rural, urban and industrial). A sampling
flow rate of 30 m3 h−1 was applied for 24 h, sampling a total volume of around 720 m3. A total
of 49 compounds were tentatively identified using very restrictive criteria regarding exact mass,
retention time, isotopic profile and both MS2 and MS3 spectra. Pesticides, pharmaceutical active
compounds, drugs, plasticizers and metabolites were the most identified compounds. To verify
whether the developed methodology was suitable, 11 substances were checked with their analytical
standards and all of them were confirmed. Different profiles for industrial, rural and urban areas were
examined. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model allowed us to separate the obtained data
of the three assessed area. When the profiles obtained in the three evaluated areas were compared
using a Volcano plot (the rural area was taken as reference), 11 compounds were confirmed as being
discriminant: three of them (3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine, 3-methyladenine and nicotine) were more
likely to be found in industrial sites; ten compounds (3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine, 3-methyladenine,
azoxystrobin, cocaine, cotinine, ethoprophos, imidacloprid, metalaxyl-M, nicotine and pyrimethanil)
were more probable in the case of urban sites; finally, triisopropanolamine was more likely to be
detected in rural locations. [-]
Publicado en
Toxics, vol. 10, núm. 5: maig (2022)Entidad financiadora
Universitat Jaume I | Foundation of the Promotion of Health and Biomedical research of the Valencian Region (FISABIO) | European Commission
Código del proyecto o subvención
UJI-FISABIO2020-03 | (UGP-20-309)
Título del proyecto o subvención
Calidad del aire en la Comunidad Valenciana: desarrollo de nuevas metodologías para la determinación de contaminantes emergentes y evaluación del riesgo - riskair | European Regional Development Funds (ERDF) Operational Programme of the Valencian Region (2014–2020) | RISKAIR project “Air Quality in the Valencian Region: development of new methodologies for the determination of emerging pollutants and risk assessment”
Derechos de acceso
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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