Electrical conductivity of an all-natural and biocompatible semi-interpenetrating polymer network containing a deep eutectic solvent
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Other documents of the author: Gachuz Vazquez, Edwin Jhonatan; Castillo-Santillán, Martín; Juárez-Moreno, Karla; Maya-Cornejo, Jose; Martínez-Richa, Antonio; Andrio, Andreu; Compañ, Vicente; Mota-Morales, Josue
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https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC02274H |
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Title
Electrical conductivity of an all-natural and biocompatible semi-interpenetrating polymer network containing a deep eutectic solventAuthor (s)
Date
2020-07-29Publisher
Royal Society of ChemistryBibliographic citation
GACHUZ, Edwin J., et al. Electrical conductivity of an all-natural and biocompatible semi-interpenetrating polymer network containing a deep eutectic solvent. Green Chemistry, 2020, vol. 22, no 17, p. 5785-5797.Type
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionSubject
Abstract
A series of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) consisting of crosslinked poly(itaconic
acid) in the presence of the polysaccharide inulin were prepared by free-radical polymerization, taking
advantage ... [+]
A series of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) consisting of crosslinked poly(itaconic
acid) in the presence of the polysaccharide inulin were prepared by free-radical polymerization, taking
advantage of the chemistry of deep eutectic systems (DESs). Up to 14 wt% of the polysaccharide inulin
readily dissolves in a nonaqueous DES composed of glycerol (Gly) and choline chloride (ChCl). On the
other hand, itaconic acid (IA) mixed with ChCl formed a deep eutectic solvent (DES) monomer, which
upon free-radical polymerization in solution aided by multifunctional acrylates allowed the synthesis of
highly crosslinked polymer networks. Bringing together both DESs, the DES monomer containing IA and
the inert one containing inulin dissolved in it, allowed the synthesis of all-natural (ca. 96 wt% of biobased
components, excluding crosslinkers) and biocompatible semi-IPNs. Remarkably, the DESs entrapped in
the semi-IPNs served as a stable nonaqueous electrolyte in the range of 25–75 °C, thus exhibiting a
typical Arrhenius dependence of conductivity with temperature (an apparent activation energy of 18 kJ
mol−1
), irrespective of the type of crosslinker used. Following electrode polarization (EP) analysis based on
the Macdonald–Trukhan model, the free-ion diffusivity, the mobility, and the number of charge carrier
density of the polymeric networks were calculated. The results show that diffusivity and mobility increase
along with temperature in all semi-IPNs with a maximum conductivity of 3.2 mS cm−1 at 65 °C in the
semi-IPN crosslinked with a trifunctional acrylate. The higher conductivity and diffusivity observed in the
semi-IPN crosslinked with the trifunctional acrylate in comparison with the difunctional one are related to
the long-translational diffusion, because the diffusive dynamics are dominated by the localized motions
that are not strongly affected by the confinement of the DES electrolyte within the polymeric network. In
summary, this work furthers the applications of DES chemistry towards the fabrication of greener
materials, e.g. natural polymers and biobased feedstocks, with future applications in technologies seeking
biocompatible conductive gels. [-]
Is part of
Green Chemistry, 2020, v. 22, p. 5785-5797Investigation project
1) National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) through grant no. 252774; 2) PAPIIT-UNAM project no. IA202018 and TA200220, Mexico; 3) The National Laboratory for Characterization of Physicochemical Properties and Molecular Structure, CONACYT (Grant No. 123732); 4)Rights
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