Update of the Scientific Opinion on the risks to plant health posed by Xylella fastidiosa in the EU territory.
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Altres documents de l'autoria: Bragard, Claude; Dehnen-Schmutz, Katharina; Di Serio, Francesco; Gonthier, Paolo; JACQUES, Marie-Agnès; Jaques , Josep A.; Justesen, Annemarie Fejer; MacLeod, Alan; Magnusson, Christer; Milonas, Panagiotis; Navas-Cortes, Juan A.; Potting, Roel; Reignault, Philippe; Thulke, Hans-Hermann; van der Werf, Wopke; Vicent, Antonio; Yuen, Jonathan; Zappalà, Lucia; Boscia, Donato; Chapman, Daniel; Gilioli, Gianni; Krugner, Rodrigo; Mastin, Alexander; Simonetto, Anna; Spotti Lopes, Joao Roberto; White, Steven; Cortinas Abrahantes, José; Delbianco, Alice; Maiorano, Andrea; Mosbach-Schulz, Olaf; Stancanelli, Giuseppe; Guzzo, Michela; parnell, stephen
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comunitat-uji-handle3:10234/6999
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Update of the Scientific Opinion on the risks to plant health posed by Xylella fastidiosa in the EU territory.Autoria
Data de publicació
2019-05-15Editor
European Food Safe Authority (EFSA)Cita bibliogràfica
BRAGARD, Claude; DEHNEN-SCHMUTZ, Katharina; DI SERIO, Francesco; GONTHIER, Paolo; JACQUES, Marie-Agnès; JAQUES, Josep A.; JUSTESEN, Annemarie Fejer; MACLEOD, Alan; MAGNUSSON, Christer Sven; MILONAS, Panagiotis; NAVAS-CORTÉS, Juan A.;; POTTING, Roel; REIGNAULT, Philippe; THULKE, Hans-Hermann; VAN DER WERF, Wopke; VICENT CIVERA, Antonio; YUEN, Jonathan; ZAPPALÀ, Lucia; BOSCIA, Donato; CHAPMAN, Daniel: GILIOLI, Gianni; KRUGNER, Rodrigo; MASTIN, Alexander; SIMONETTO, Anna; SPOTTI LOPES, Joao Roberto; WHITE, Steven; CORTINAS ABRAHANTES, José; DELBIANCO, Alice; MAIORANO, Andrea; MOSBACH-SCHULZ, Olaf; STANCANELLI, Giuseppe; GUZZO, Michela; PARNELL, Stephen (2019). Update of the Scientific Opinion on the risks to plant health posed by Xylella fastidiosa in the EU territory. EFSA Journal, v. 17, n. 5Tipus de document
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersió de l'editorial
https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/5665Versió
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionParaules clau / Matèries
Resum
EFSA was asked to update the 2015 EFSA risk assessment on Xylella fastidiosa for the territory of the EU.
In particular, EFSA was asked to focus on potential establishment, short- and long-range spread, the
length ... [+]
EFSA was asked to update the 2015 EFSA risk assessment on Xylella fastidiosa for the territory of the EU.
In particular, EFSA was asked to focus on potential establishment, short- and long-range spread, the
length of the asymptomatic period, the impact of X. fastidiosa and an update on risk reduction options.
EFSA was asked to take into account the different subspecies and Sequence Types of X. fastidiosa. This
was attempted throughout the scientific opinion but several issues with data availability meant that this
could only be partially achieved. Models for risk of establishment showed most of the EU territory may be
potentially suitable for X. fastidiosa although southern EU is most at risk. Differences in estimated areas
of potential establishment were evident among X. fastidiosa subspecies, particularly X. fastidiosa subsp.
multiplex which demonstrated areas of potential establishment further north in the EU. The model of
establishment could be used to develop targeted surveys by Member States. The asymptomatic period of
X. fastidiosa varied significantly for different host and pathogen subspecies combinations, for example
from a median of approximately 1 month in ornamental plants and up to 10 months in olive, for pauca.
This variable and long asymptomatic period is a considerable limitation to successful detection and
control, particularly where surveillance is based on visual inspection. Modelling suggested that local
eradication (e.g. within orchards) is possible, providing sampling intensity is sufficient for early detection
and effective control measures are implemented swiftly (e.g. within 30 days). Modelling of long-range
spread (e.g. regional scale) demonstrated the important role of long-range dispersal and the need to
better understand this. Reducing buffer zone width in both containment and eradication scenarios
increased the area infected. Intensive surveillance for early detection, and consequent plant removal, of
new outbreaks is crucial for both successful eradication and containment at the regional scale, in addition
to effective vector control. The assessment of impacts indicated that almond and Citrus spp. were at
lower impact on yield compared to olive. Although the lowest impact was estimated for grapevine, and
the highest for olive, this was based on several assumptions including that the assessment considered
only Philaenus spumarius as a vector. If other xylem-feeding insects act as vectors the impact could be
different. Since the Scientific Opinion published in 2015, there are still no risk reduction options that can
remove the bacterium from the plant in open field conditions. Short- and long-range spread modelling
showed that an early detection and rapid application of phytosanitary measures, consisting among others
of plant removal and vector control, are essential to prevent further spread of the pathogen to new
areas. Further data collection will allow a reduction in uncertainty and facilitate more tailored and
effective control given the intraspecific diversity of X. fastidiosa and wide host range. [-]
Publicat a
EFSA Journal (2019), v. 17, n. 5Drets d'accés
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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