Recent advances to understand morphology stability of organic photovoltaics
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Título
Recent advances to understand morphology stability of organic photovoltaicsFecha de publicación
2017Editor
SpringerOpenISSN
2311-6706; 2150-5551Cita bibliográfica
Guerrero, A. & Garcia-Belmonte, G. Nano-Micro Lett. (2017) 9: 10. doi:10.1007/s40820-016-0107-3Tipo de documento
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersión de la editorial
http://www.nmletters.org/component/k2/item/454-recent-advances-to-understand-mor ...Versión
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPalabras clave / Materias
Resumen
Organic photovoltaic devices are on the verge of commercialization with power conversion efficiencies
exceeding 10 % in laboratory cells and above 8.5 % in modules. However, one of the main limitations hindering their ... [+]
Organic photovoltaic devices are on the verge of commercialization with power conversion efficiencies
exceeding 10 % in laboratory cells and above 8.5 % in modules. However, one of the main limitations hindering their mass
scale production is the debatable inferior stability of organic photovoltaic devices in comparison to other technologies.
Adequate donor/acceptor morphology of the active layer is required to provide carrier separation and transport to the
electrodes. Unfortunately, the beneficial morphology for device performance is usually a kinetically frozen state which has
not reached thermodynamic equilibrium. During the last 5 years, special efforts have been dedicated to isolate the effects
related to morphology changes taking place within the active layer and compare to those affecting the interfaces with the
external electrodes. The current review discusses some of the factors affecting the donor/acceptor morphology evolution as
one of the major intrinsic degradation pathways. Special attention is paid to factors in the nano- and microscale domain.
For example, phase segregation of the polymer and fullerene domains due to Ostwald ripening is a major factor in the
microscale domain and is affected by the presence of additives, glass transition temperature of the polymers or use of
crosslinkers in the active layer. Alternatively, the role of vertical segregation profile toward the external electrodes is key
for device operation, being a clear case of nanoscale morphology evolution. For example, donor and acceptor molecules
actually present at the external interfaces will determine the leakage current of the device, energy-level alignment, and
interfacial recombination processes. Different techniques have been developed over the last few years to understand its
relationship with the device efficiency. Of special interest are those techniques which enable in situ analysis being nondestructive
as they can be used to study accelerated degradation experiments and some will be discussed here. [-]
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Nano-Micro Lett. (2017) 9:10Derechos de acceso
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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