Evaluation of R448A and R450A as low-GWP alternatives for R404A and R134a using a micro-fin tube evaporator model

Abstract

When retrofitting new refrigerants in an existing vapour compression system, their adaptation to the heat exchangers is a major concern. R450A and R448A are commercial non-flammable mixtures with low GWP developed to replace the HFCs R134a and R404A, fluids with high GWP values. In this work the evaporator performance is evaluated through a shell-and-microfin tube evaporator model using R450A, R448A, R134a and R404A. The accuracy of the model is first studied considering different recently developed micro-fin tube correlations for flow boiling phenomena. The model is validated using experimental data from tests carried out in a fully monitored vapour compression plant at different refrigeration operating conditions. The main predicted operational parameters such as evaporating pressure, UATP, and cooling capacity, when compared with experimental data, fit within ±10% using the Akhavan-Behabadi et al. correlation for flow boiling. Results show that R450A and R404A are the refrigerants in which the model fits better, even though R448A and R134a predictions are also accurate.