Associations of the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes are modulate by diet, being higher when adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is low
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Other documents of the author: Coltell, Oscar; Martínez González, Miguel Ángel; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Arós, Fernando; Lapetra, José; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Gómez Gracia, Enrique; Fiol Ramis, Miquel; Sáez Tormo, Guillermo; Pintó, Xavier; Muñoz, Miguel Ángel; Ordovás Muñoz, José M.; Estruch, Ramon; Corella, Dolores; CAROLINA, ORTEGA-AZORÍN; Sorlí, José V; Asensio, Eva Maria; Covas Planells, María Isabel; Ros, Emilio
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comunitat-uji-handle2:10234/7038
comunitat-uji-handle3:10234/8634
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Title
Associations of the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes are modulate by diet, being higher when adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is lowAuthor (s)
Date
2012-11Publisher
BioMed CentralISSN
1475-2840Bibliographic citation
Ortega-Azorín et al.: Associations of the FTO rs9939609 and the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes are modulated by diet, being higher when adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is low. Cardiovascular Diabetology 2012 11:137Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articlePublisher version
http://www.cardiab.com/content/pdf/1475-2840-11-137.pdfVersion
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Abstract
Background: Although the Fat Mass and Obesity (FTO) and Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) genes have been
consistently associated with obesity risk, the association between the obesity-risk alleles with type 2 diabetes ... [+]
Background: Although the Fat Mass and Obesity (FTO) and Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) genes have been
consistently associated with obesity risk, the association between the obesity-risk alleles with type 2 diabetes is still
controversial. In some recent meta-analyses in which significant results have been reported, the associations
disappeared after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). However gene-diet interactions with dietary patterns have
not been investigated. Our main aim was to analyze whether these associations are modulated by the level of
adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet).
Methods: Case-control study in 7,052 high cardiovascular risk subjects (3,430 type 2 diabetes cases and 3,622
non-diabetic subjects) with no differences in BMI. Diet was assessed by validated questionnaires. FTO-rs9939609 and
MC4R-rs17782313 were determined. An aggregate genetic score was calculated to test additive effects. Gene-diet
interactions were analyzed.
Results: Neither of the polymorphisms was associated with type 2 diabetes in the whole population. However, we
found consistent gene-diet interactions with adherence to the MedDiet both for the FTO-rs9939609 (Pinteraction=
0.039), the MC4R-rs17782313 (P-interaction=0.009) and for their aggregate score (P-interaction=0.006).
When adherence to the MedDiet was low, carriers of the variant alleles had higher type 2 diabetes risk (OR=1.21,
95%CI: 1.03-1.40; P=0.019 for FTO-rs9939609 and OR=1.17, 95%CI:1.01-1.36; P=0.035 for MC4R-rs17782313) than
wild-type subjects. However, when adherence to the MedDiet was high, these associations disappeared (OR=0.97,
95%CI: 0.85-1.16; P=0.673 for FTO-rs9939609 and OR=0.89, 95%CI:0.78-1.02; P=0.097 for MC4R-rs17782313). These
gene-diet interactions remained significant even after adjustment for BMI. As MedDiet is rich in folate, we also
specifically examined folate intake and detected statistically significant interaction effects on fasting plasma glucose
concentrations in non-diabetic subjects. However these findings should be interpreted with caution because folate
intake may simply reflect a healthy dietary pattern.Conclusions: These novel results suggest that the association of the FTO-rs9939609 and the MC4R-rs17782313
polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes depends on diet and that a high adherence to the MedDiet counteracts the
genetic predisposition. [-]
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Cardiovascular Diabetology, 2012, núm. 11Rights
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © 2012 Ortega-Azorín et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the
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