A Working Hypothesis for the Role of the Cerebellum in Impulsivity and Compulsivity
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Altres documents de l'autoria: MIQUEL, MARTA; Nicola, Saleem; Gil-Miravet, Isis; Guarque-Chabrera, Julian; Sanchez-Hernandez, Aitor
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A Working Hypothesis for the Role of the Cerebellum in Impulsivity and CompulsivityAutoria
Data de publicació
2019-05Editor
Frontiers MediaCita bibliogràfica
MIQUEL, Marta; NICOLA, Saleem; GIL-MIRAVET, Isis; GUARQUE-CHABRERA, Julian; SÁNCHEZ HERNÁNDEZ, Aitor (2019). A Working Hypothesis for the Role of the Cerebellum in Impulsivity and Compulsivity. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, v. 13Tipus de document
info:eu-repo/semantics/articleVersió de l'editorial
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00099/fullVersió
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionParaules clau / Matèries
Resum
Growing evidence associates cerebellar abnormalities with several neuropsychiatric
disorders in which compulsive symptomatology and impulsivity are part of the
disease pattern. Symptomatology of autism, addiction, ... [+]
Growing evidence associates cerebellar abnormalities with several neuropsychiatric
disorders in which compulsive symptomatology and impulsivity are part of the
disease pattern. Symptomatology of autism, addiction, obsessive-compulsive (OCD),
and attention deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD) disorders transcends the sphere of motor
dysfunction and essentially entails integrative processes under control of prefrontalthalamic-cerebellar loops. Patients with brain lesions affecting the cortico-striatum
thalamic circuitry and the cerebellum indeed exhibit compulsive symptoms. Specifically,
lesions of the posterior cerebellar vermis cause affective dysregulation and deficits
in executive function. These deficits may be due to impairment of one of the
main functions of the cerebellum, implementation of forward internal models of
the environment. Actions that are independent of internal models may not be
guided by predictive relationships or a mental representation of the goal. In
this review article, we explain how this deficit might affect executive functions.
Additionally, regionalized cerebellar lesions have been demonstrated to impair other
brain functions such as the emergence of habits and behavioral inhibition, which
are also altered in compulsive disorders. Similar to the infralimbic cortex, clinical
studies and research in animal models suggest that the cerebellum is not required
for learning goal-directed behaviors, but it is critical for habit formation. Despite this
accumulating data, the role of the cerebellum in compulsive symptomatology and
impulsivity is still a matter of discussion. Overall, findings point to a modulatory
function of the cerebellum in terminating or initiating actions through regulation of
the prefrontal cortices. Specifically, the cerebellum may be crucial for restraining
ongoing actions when environmental conditions change by adjusting prefrontal
activity in response to the new external and internal stimuli, thereby promoting
flexible behavioral control. We elaborate on this explanatory framework and propose
a working hypothesis for the involvement of the cerebellum in compulsive and
impulsive endophenotypes. [-]
Publicat a
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (2019), v. 13Proyecto de investigación
1) Universitat Jaume I (PREDOC2014/11); 2)Universitat Jaume I (UJI-14I307.01/1); 3) Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO; PSI2015-68600-P); 4) Plan Nacional de Drogas 2017 (PND-132400); and 5) NIH grants (DA044761, DA019473, DA038412).Drets d'accés
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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