Energy and environmental comparison of two-stage solutions for commercial refrigeration at low temperature: Fluids and systems
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Other documents of the author: Llopis, Rodrigo; Sánchez García-Vacas, Daniel; Sanz Kock, Carlos; Cabello López, Ramón; Torrella Alcaraz, Enrique
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comunitat-uji-handle2:10234/7035
comunitat-uji-handle3:10234/8617
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.10.069 |
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Title
Energy and environmental comparison of two-stage solutions for commercial refrigeration at low temperature: Fluids and systemsAuthor (s)
Date
2015-01-15Publisher
ElsevierBibliographic citation
LLOPIS DOMÉNECH, Rodrigo; SÁNCHEZ GARCÍA-VACAS, Daniel; SANZ KOCK, Carlos; CABELLO LÓPEZ, Ramón; TORRELLA ALCARAZ, Enrique. Energy and environmental comparison of two-stage solutions for commercial refrigeration at low temperature: Fluids and systems. Applied Energy (2015), v. 138, pp. 133-142Type
info:eu-repo/semantics/articlePublisher version
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261914011192Subject
Abstract
International agreements will restrict in the near future the use of high-GWP refrigerants in Europe. These restrictions will favour the implantation of refrigeration systems with low-GWP fluids, especially in appli ... [+]
International agreements will restrict in the near future the use of high-GWP refrigerants in Europe. These restrictions will favour the implantation of refrigeration systems with low-GWP fluids, especially in applications with high leakage rate. To clarify possible solutions that accomplish the forthcoming F-Gas Regulation, we present simplified models of five two-stage vapour compression refrigeration systems and evaluate them with low-GWP refrigerants (HFC, HFO and naturals). We analyse the energy performance over a wide range of evaporating and environment temperatures and present the TEWI analysis under a same scenario, typical of a centralized commercial refrigeration application. We conclude that, for high-GWP refrigerants, direct emissions have greater weight in TEWI than the indirect ones, so future solutions might be based on low-GWP fluids, in some cases with risk of toxicity or flammability. We observe the indirect two-stage systems (cascades) with CO2 as low temperature fluid are promising solutions, especially for warm regions. [-]
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Applied Energy (2015), v. 138Rights
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info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
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