Antiplasmodial and Cytotoxic Activity of Piper Piedecuestanum Trel. and Yunck

Abstract

ackground and Objective: Plasmodium resistance to antimalarial drugs has expanded and in tensified, making new and effective antimalarial drugs urgently. The objective of this work was the in vitro evaluation of antiplasmodial activity of extracts of differen t polarity and compounds of the species P. piedecuestanum . Materials and Methods: The plant materials were obtained through successive extractions using solvents of different polarity such as hexane (H), dichloromethane (D), ethyl acetate (A) and methanol (M) and separations techniques for fractionation and isolation of compounds. The antiplasmodial activities of the extracts and compounds were evaluated by SYBR Green I® method and evaluated the cytotoxicit y in the cell lines U-937, HUVEC by the MTT method. Results: The antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activity of the extracts of dichloromethane (PPD) and ethyl ac etate (PPAE) with antiplasmodi al activity of IC 50 = 17.93 μg mL G 1 ; IS = 2.093 and IC 50 = 19.5 μg mL G 1 ; IS = 0.791, respectively are reported for the first time. In addition, from P. piedecuestanum species were isolation and characterization five metabolites 5,8-Hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone(1), 6,7-dimethoxy-5,8- dihydroxyflavone(2), 6,7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyflavone (mosloflavo ne) (3), 5,6-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (negletein) (4), 5-hydr oxy-7- methoxyflavone (5) and a brominated derivative from (5) named 6,8 bromo-5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone(7). Compound (1) presented promising antiplasmodial activity with an IC 50 = 7.325 μg mL G 1 (25.69 μM); IS HUVEC =13.65. Conclusion: Chemical analysis of extracts and compounds from P. piedecuestanum spices will play a central role in the development and modernization o f an antimalarial herbal traditional in Colombia.